Количество страниц: 12 с.
The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that pastoral vocabulary in the composition of phraseological units and proverbs as a basis for characterizing a person, as well as for expressing the moral postulates of the people, was not the object of study in comparison with the data of the Mongolian languages. The aim of the work is to identify and describe the metaphorical expression of the characteristics and evaluation of a person, his physical abilities and moral requirements for him in the Yakut phraseological and paremiological units with the components horse, cow, bull, foal in comparison with their equivalents in the Kalmyk and Buryat languages. The article uses methods and techniques of descriptive, semantic and comparative analysis, applied elements of the method of systematization of dictionary definitions. By the method of continuous sampling from lexicographic sources: explanatory, translated, phraseological dictionaries, phraseological and paremiological units were established that express the characteristics of a person and moral and ethical norms in relation to his actions. The classification of the studied units by semantic types is carried out. Results. The study made it possible to establish that cattle-breeding vocabulary as part of the phraseological and paremiological units of the compared languages expresses the physical and moral characteristics of a person. These units also fully convey the collective ideas of the Yakuts, Buryats and Kalmyks about the rules based on ideas about the attitude to work and the basic principles of life: wealth / poverty, luck / failure, age. At the same time, the figurative, evaluative characteristics of a person, expressed by the words horse, cow, bull, foal, in general have positive connotative features, which is explained by the important role of cattle breeding in the life of these peoples.
Данилова, Н. И. Зооморфная лексика в составе якутских фразеологизмов и паремий (в сопоставлении с монгольскими языками) / Н. И. Данилова, Ф. Н. Дьячковский ; ФИЦ "Якутский научный центр СО РАН" // Северо-Восточный гуманитарный вестник. - 2022. - N 4 (41). - С. 67-78. - DOI: 10.25693/SVGV.2022.41.4.006
DOI: 10.25693/SVGV.2022.41.4.006
Количество страниц: 11 с.
- Общий отдел > Газеты. Пресса. Журналистика,
- Языкознание. Филология. Художественная литература > Языкознание и языки. Лингвистика,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ЯЗЫКОЗНАНИЕ. ФИЛОЛОГИЯ. ЛИТЕРАТУРОВЕДЕНИЕ. ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННАЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРА > Языкознание и языки. Лингвистика,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ОБЩИЙ ОТДЕЛ > Газеты. Пресса. Журналистика.
This article examines the connection of the gemeronyms of Yakut periodicals with cultural and historical phenomena, where the desire for freedom of speech and the right to information influenced the formation and dissemination of a democratic and national press in Yakutia. However, during the historical process, there was no stable media system during this period. Consequently, the press of Yakutia reflected the movement of the socio-political life of that time and depended on fluctuations in political power. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time in Yakut journalism, an attempt was made to comprehend and systematise the names of newspapers and magazines as an independent unit, taking into account its functional specificity in communication processes. The purpose of the study is to determine the peculiarity of the reflection of freedom of speech and the right to information in the gemeronyms of newspapers and magazines in Yakutia in the pre-revolutionary period, after the February Revolution and during the period of liberalisation of Soviet power. The relevance of studying the gemeronym has become the basis for further research, which is due to its special role in the historiographical process as a whole. In our case, a distinctive feature of the media onomasticon is its interdisciplinarity. The study used methods of observation and content analysis of the hemeronyms of periodicals as onomastic realities. In addition, the method of retrospective analysis using "keywords" and "key meanings" is used to systematise the history of the Yakut periodical press.
Борисова, Н. М. Свобода слова и право на информацию в гемеронимах периодической печати Якутии (1887–1928 гг.) / Н. М. Борисова ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. - 2024. - Т. 21, N 2 (96). - С. 104-114. - DOI: 10.25587/2222-5404-2024-21-2-104-114
DOI: 10.25587/2222-5404-2024-21-2-104-114
Количество страниц: 12 с.
The paper examines the linguistic and cultural semantics of the Yakut word buruo (smoke) by exploring its metaphorical manifestations in vocabulary, phraseology, and folklore. The folklore text is analyzed using a structural-semiotic approach to examine language as a cultural verbal code. For the first time, the smoke metaphor is recognized as a source of riddles, proverbs, good wishes, incantations, euphemisms, and others. Otherwise, the metaphor is found to have meaning- and text-forming functions. In the Yakut linguoculture, the smoke metaphor creates a micro paradigm of linguistic units with the general semantics of “descendants, a continuation of the family.” The metaphor under study is suggested to be a cultural element of the Sakha people’s folklore, specifically related to the patriarchal family structure and the roles of sons and daughters in procreation. The smoke metaphor, a tool for creating new concepts and pictorial means in language and culture, proves to be an element of the informational structures of oral collective memory. It preserves the principle of patrilineage, gender stereotypes, and traditional ideas of the Sakha people about the succession of generations and procreation, understood as “development, advancement through stages of development.” A significant finding is that a polysemous word, phraseology, paremy, epithet, folklore formula, symbol, and others can preserve considerable information in a coiled form and serve as an optimal way of its oral transmission in time and space. To conclude, folklore text meta-phors are not only emotionally rich but also involve “condensed” meaning, with a symbol representing the information compression.
Габышева, Л. Л. Метафора дыма: реконструкция культурных смыслов (на материале якутской лингвокультуры) / Л. Л. Габышева ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова // Сибирский филологический журнал. - 2024. - N 1. - С. 236-247. - DOI: 10.17223/18137083/86/17
DOI: 10.17223/18137083/86/17
Количество страниц: 12 с.
- Общественные науки. Образование > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Общеобразовательная школа. Дошкольные учреждения,
- Языкознание. Филология. Художественная литература > Языкознание и языки. Лингвистика > Эвенкийский язык,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ЯЗЫКОЗНАНИЕ. ФИЛОЛОГИЯ. ЛИТЕРАТУРОВЕДЕНИЕ. ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННАЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРА > Языкознание и языки. Лингвистика,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Общеобразовательная школа. Дошкольные учреждения.
The main purpose of the study was to analyze the lexical units involved in the representation of the URE ‘mountain’ concept in the language picture of the world of the Evenks. The identification of word meanings involved the examination of bilingual dictionaries of the Evenk language and field records of authentic texts narrated by informants who knew the Evenk and Russian languages well. According to the source study, the lexemes ure , a , and are the most commonly used representations of the concept URE in the Evenks’ world picture. The analysis revealed the meaning of lexemes ure , a , and allowed their semes to be identified. The ure lexeme was found to have the semes: ‘overgrown with trees,’ ‘low hill,’ ‘inhabited by moose, bears, and other wild animals,’ and ‘master spirit of the mountain.’ The following semes were found for the lexeme : ‘stony,’ ‘covered with grass or reindeer moss,’ ‘inhabited by wild deer,’ ‘suitable for residence in summer,’ suitable for roaming,’ ‘suitable for deer grazing in summer,’ and ‘a good place for hiding deers from wolves.’ The lexeme is characterized by the semes: ‘rocky,’ ‘high,’ ‘made of stones,’ ‘cool place,’ and ‘inhabited by bighorn sheep, tarbagans, and musk deer.’ A conclusion is made that the URE ‘mountain’ concept formation was influenced by Evenks’ hunting and nomadic lifestyle combined with their animistic views on nature. The URE ‘mountain’ concept is a part of the BUGA ‘world’ concept structure.
Ушницкая, Н. Ю. Репрезентация концепта УРЭ ‘гора’ в языковой картине мира эвенков / Н. Ю. Ушницкая ; Институт гуманитарных исследований и проблем малочисленных народов Севера // Сибирский филологический журнал. - 2023. - N 4. - С. 287-298. - DOI: 10.17223/18137083/85/21
DOI: 10.17223/18137083/85/21
Количество страниц: 14 с.
The paper presents a structural description of the terminological phrases relating to the thematic group “Livestock body parts” in the Yakut and Buryat languages. These lexical units refer to the folk terms reflecting the features of the material and spiritual culture of an ethnic group and are widely used in languages of very different typologies. Such phrases are formed analytically, representing non-single-word nominative units denoting one specific concept or real object. Their lexical meaning can be realized at the denotative and/or connotative levels. The terminological phrases under study occupy a special place in the lexicon of the languages in question as an effective way of creating terms. Word pairs are a part of this vocabulary group. An active way of compound word formation in Yakut and Buryat is the method of adjunction used to form attributive phrases with an adjective or a participle as an attribute. Both languages feature terminological phrases formed morphologically. Such phrases have an attributive function, designating a part of a whole object or a type of a generic concept, with the determining component occupying the preposition. In Yakut, these phrases have their components connected by the possessive affix of the third person. Buryat terms denoting animal body parts are formed by a combination with the determining component in the genitive case. It is noteworthy that in Yakut nominal constructions, the indicator of the connection between the components is attached to the component being determined, while in Buryat, it is attached to the determining one.
Данилова, Н. И. Терминологические словосочетания, обозначающие части тела скота, в якутском языке (в сопоставлении с бурятским) / Н. И. Данилова, Ф. Н. Дьячковский ; Институт гуманитарных исследований и проблем малочисленных народов Севера // Сибирский филологический журнал. - 2023. - N 4. - С. 197-210. - DOI: 10.17223/18137083/85/15
DOI: 10.17223/18137083/85/15
Количество страниц: 14 с.
This paper addresses the semantics of dialectal names of mutovka (a stick with branches at the end used for mixing or stirring), with all of them belonging to the lexical-thematic microgroup “Utensils” in the Yakut language. Over 40 dialect names of mutovka with different connotations have been identified in dialectological, lexicographical, and ethnographic materials. The nomination principles of mutovka are determined on the external form and functions. The form and structure of mutovka s (round, branched, cross-shaped), material (wood, cow horn) depend on their purpose. Mutovka has different functions: for whipping koumiss, cream, or butter, and others, with the movement of the tool also of importance for nomination. The basic characteristic of any mutovka is ytyyyy “mixing, stirring, and churning.” The comparative analysis revealed that the Yakut lexemes ytyk and bhiheyeh indicate a common Turkic similarity. Most names of mutovka are part of the lexical fund of the Yakut language developed in the linguistic landscape of modern Yakuts (Sakha). Also, the dialect names bilier, biriel “kumys mutovka” have been found to have Mongolian roots. A semantic description allowed the origin of khamnatar “kumys mutovka” to be determined as an apotropaic lexeme with both all-Yakutian and dialectal meaning. The semantics of the mutovka names concerned reflects the cattle-breeding culture of Yakuts (Sakha) developed and spread in the subcontinental climate in the vast territory of the North-East of Russia. The findings specify the lexical-semantic microgroups “Tableware,” “Utensils” to “Kumys ware and utensils,” “Ytyk,” to compile the thematic lists of Yakut household culture.
Николаев, Е. Р. Диалектные наименования мутовки в якутском языке (на материале лексикографических источников) / Е. Р. Николаев ; Институт гуманитарных исследований и проблем малочисленных народов Севера // Сибирский филологический журнал. - 2023. - N 2. - С. 194-207. - DOI: 10.17223/18137083/83/15
DOI: 10.17223/18137083/83/15
Количество страниц: 12 с.
- Языкознание. Филология. Художественная литература > Языкознание и языки. Лингвистика > Якутский (саха),
- Языкознание. Филология. Художественная литература > Языкознание и языки. Лингвистика > Другие языки,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ЯЗЫКОЗНАНИЕ. ФИЛОЛОГИЯ. ЛИТЕРАТУРОВЕДЕНИЕ. ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННАЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРА > Языкознание и языки. Лингвистика.
This paper examines the “metallic” epithets in the Yakut Olonkho and Altai kai chӧrchӧk in a comparative aspect in order to reveal the parallels and specific features of the functioning of these epithets in the epic of peoples related in the historical past. The following methods were used: contextual analysis, analysis of dictionary definitions, quantitative methods, and the inductive method, which allows generalizing the results of applying all the methods. The comparative study revealed many similarities. In both epics, metal epithets in the structure are radical, derived from the lexeme denoting the name of the metal. In a denotative meaning, they characterize objects by the material from which they are made. The choice of specific metallic epithets as contextual synonyms in the structure of the epic formula is due to the phenomenon of vowel harmony inherent in most Turkic languages. The genetic community of the Yakut and Altai peoples probably explains the similar features of the metallic epithets. Also, the differences have been established: according to the frequency of using the epithets formed from the nominations of precious metals, the ancient Yakuts preferred silver, and the Altai people preferred gold. The differences and peculiarities of functioning of “metal” epithets in the Yakut and Altai epic texts can be explained by the stage difference in the development of the epic texts compared.
Корякина, Р. В. Особенности функционирования одного эпитета в якутском и алтайском эпических текстах / Р. В. Корякина ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова // Сибирский филологический журнал. - 2022. - N 1. - С. 36-47. - DOI: 10.17223/18137083/78/3
DOI: 10.17223/18137083/78/3
Количество страниц: 12 с.
The relevance of the theme under consideration is determined by the need to study the traditional worldview of the people, the formation and development of their spiritual knowledge. The paper analyzes the semantic content and the formation of the vocabulary of the Yukaghir language, originating from the word Qojl (qojl), identifies the original semantics of this word, examines the evolution of the religious beliefs of the Yukaghir. The word Qojl (qojl) is associated originally with shamanistic beliefs and was representing the image of the shaman-patron of the family in the traditional culture of the Yukaghir. Later, it came to be referred to the name of the Christian God and to designate icons and saints. In the modern Yukaghir language, the word concerned is used only in the meanings of “God,” “divinity,” “icon,” “saint.” The prevalence of Qojl (qojl) - derived words in the languages of two local Yukaghir groups, the similarity of the structure and meanings of many of the lexemes indicate the archaicity of the word and the presence of a semantic relationship between the original and late sememes. An assumption has been made that the etymology of the ancient root of the word is associated with the concepts of “supernatural,” “sacred,” “divine,” “supreme,” “powerful.” The fact that the word originally comprised the concept of the supernatural and divine determined the expansion of the semantics of the word. Under the influence of Christianity, new words derived from Qojl ( qojl ), with the semantic content “referring to God,” appear in the Yukaghir language.
Прокопьева, П. Е. Лексика юкагирского языка, связанная со словом Хойл ‘Богʼ: семантика и образование / П. Е. Прокопьева ; Институт гуманитарных исследований и проблем малочисленных народов Севера СО РАН // Сибирский филологический журнал. - 2020. - N 3. - С. 76-80. - DOI: 10.17223/18137083/72/15
DOI: 10.17223/18137083/72/15
Количество страниц: 8 с.
- Языкознание. Филология. Художественная литература > Литература. Литературоведение > Теория литературы. Изучение литературы. Литературная техника > Художественная литература на отдельных языках,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ЯЗЫКОЗНАНИЕ. ФИЛОЛОГИЯ. ЛИТЕРАТУРОВЕДЕНИЕ. ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННАЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРА > Языкознание и языки. Лингвистика.
Teki Odulok's travel essay is the first work devoted to a journey through the northernmost regions of the Russian Federation undertaken by a compatriot, a representative of the smallest Russian people - the Yukaghir, in the 20s of the twentieth century. The article presents the results of the study of the content of the travelogue, its chronotopes, descriptions of nature at different geographical latitudes, culture and life of the unique endemic peoples inhabiting the territory: the Yukaghirs (Oduls), Russian-Ustintsy, Chukchi, Evens, Evenks (Lamuts). It is proven that the work is a narrative, objectively related to the history and geographical location of the region, political and cultural events in the Soviet Union at the beginning of the twentieth century. The novelty is justified by the fact that the essay has the characteristics of a travelogue in the modern sense, and therefore the readers, regardless of their nationality and place of residence, perceive it with interest. The influence of the professional view of a scientist-economist on the style of literary narration is shown, which provides an enriched description of travel along a specific route and an evidential connection with the modern economic state of the regions described. Complete discourses combining documentary narration, presentation of real facts about harsh conditions of survival and description of life and customs of representatives of small number of peoples - endemics - are highlighted. Methods of comparison and literary retroscopy were used, which allowed to confirm the author's assumptions about the development of the region in literary and documentary form. The article may be of interest not only to philologists and specialists in the field of national cultures, but also to interested readers.
Третьякова, Т. В. Путевой очерк Тэки Одулока "На Крайнем Севере" – первый травелог начала ХХ века / Т. В. Третьякова ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. - 2024. - Т. 21, N 1 (95). - С. 178-185. - DOI: 10.25587/2222-5404-2024-21-1-178-185
DOI: 10.25587/2222-5404-2024-21-1-178-185
Количество страниц: 9 с.
- Языкознание. Филология. Художественная литература > Литература. Литературоведение > Теория литературы. Изучение литературы. Литературная техника > Художественная литература на отдельных языках,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ЯЗЫКОЗНАНИЕ. ФИЛОЛОГИЯ. ЛИТЕРАТУРОВЕДЕНИЕ. ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННАЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРА > Языкознание и языки. Лингвистика.
The research is carried out in the context of interdisciplinary cognitive directions - cognitive linguistics and cognitive poetics, one of the actual tasks of which is modeling the structure of artistic concepts represented in the artistic text. The aim of the study is modeling of the artistic concept of cold in the author’s artistic picture of the world of Y. S. Rytkheu as a part of the conceptosphere of the Arctic discourse. This research is the first stage in the study of artistic concepts in the Arctic discourse of Y. S. Rytkheu. The novel of this Chukchi writer, who is a representative of the northern linguoculture, was analysed. The relevance of this study is determined by the choice of the concept of cold as one of the key discursive concepts of the North and the Arctic, as well as its inclusion in the paradigm of linguocognitive research and conceptology of the artistic text. The method of continuous sampling was used to extract 456 markers - representatives of the concept. The markers were distributed into lexico-thematic groups (hereinafter - LTG) “Nature” (211), “Human Impact” (142), “Dwelling” (44), “Technology” (39), “Equipment” (20), interpreted as cognitive attributes of the concept. The distribution into LTGs was made according to the signs of semantic and thematic commonality of the concept markers. The following structure of the artistic concept cold was revealed: in the nuclear zone there is the cognitive attribute “Nature” (211 markers), in the ancillary zone - “Human Impact” (142 markers), in the near periphery there is the attribute “Dwelling”, in the far periphery “Equipment” and “Technics”. Such cognitive features of the artistic concept of cold as the Arctic climate of Chukotka, natural phenomena associated with cold, the impact of cold on people and their activities are defined.
Павлов, С. С. Художественный концепт холод в произведении чукотского писателя Ю. Рытхэу "Айвангу" / С. С. Павлов, О. А. Мельничук ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. - 2024. - Т. 21, N 1 (95). - С. 169-177. - DOI: 10.25587/2222-5404-2024-21-1-169-177
DOI: 10.25587/2222-5404-2024-21-1-169-177