В сборник включены работы по исследованию физических характеристик верхней атмосферы авроральных широт и вопросы, связанные с анализом результатов последних исследований в области геофизики

The geomagnetic severe storm on November 7-11, 2004 had Dst=-383 nT and had probably caused by the coronal mass ejection (CME) in interplanetary space. The burst of solar X-ray preceded the halo-ejection of solar plasma. The experimental fact testifying the global response of the geomagnetic field ("crochet" type) observed after the solar flare on November 6, 2004 is given. The reaction in the geomagnetic field lasted for several hours as well as X-ray bursts registered aboard GEOS-12.

The Jupiter is a powerful regular source of high-energy electrons (0,2-40 MeV). In this connection their density in the near-Earth space systematically increases with a period of 399 days, which is coincident with the synodic period of Jupiter. According to our estimations, their energy is sufficient to produce a significant local reduction of the magnetic field in the IMF sector connected with the Jupiter. In this paper the evidence is presented that the electron fluxes in the Jovian sector are controlled by the general magnetic field of the Sun. A treatment of 399-day intervals of the electron fluxes and IMF, obtained from spacecraft data for the period of 1963 to 2000 has been performed by superposed epoch technique taking into account the periodic change of the solar magnetic field polarity. Having adopted the Jupiter opposition day to be an epoch zero, the changes in particle intensity and IMF components under different signs of the general magnetic field of the Sun are found by using a large dataset (9925 days). The times of 399-day variation maxima in different periods of solar activity are compared and a character of their displacement relative to Jupiter opposition momentsis discussed.

Galactic cosmic ray (GCR) diffusion in interplanetary space depends in a certain way on the degree of regularity of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). The sector IMF structure is manifested in inhomogeneous GCR distribution in the heliosphere. In parallel with the usual sectors associated with solar activity, one should take into account the sectors, which are caused by the Jupiter activity. It is known that the Jupiter is a powerful regular source of high-energy electrons (0.2-40 MeV), the density of which, on the average, is many times higher than that of solar cosmic rays. The high-energy electrons are systematically registed with the 399-day period in the near-Earth space. According to estimations of the particle energy density their flux is sufficient to decrease the magnetic field in the Jovian sector and can due to corresponding large-scale inhomogeneity in the GKL distribution. Hereby, we present the evidences that the GCR diffusion is noticeably stronger in the sector where there are Jovian electrons. By data on periodic passage of those sectors near the Earth, we have treated neutron monitor data using the superposed epoch technique. The day of the Earth and Jupiter opposition is taken as a zero epoch. At large statistical data (9925 days) it is found that the GCR intensity in that period increases with an amplitude near 1%. The groud effect is manifested with the period of 399 days and its maximum time is in a certain way shifted relative to the planet opposite moment.

Показано, что космические лучи (КЛ) через ионизацию воздуха могут влиять на агрегатные переходы воды в свободной атмосфере и этим самым влиять на изменения атмосферных параметров. Приведены оценки изменений давления из экспериментальных данных по измерениям содержания воды в разрезе атмосферы. По этим оценкам величина возможных колебаний давления от изменений космических лучей в виде Форбуш-понижения галактических космических лучей (ГКЛ) составляет =4.8 мб. Для доказательства такого влияния КЛ проведен анализ данных по приземному давлению в трех разнесенных на большие расстояния пунктах: Москва, Апатиты, Якутск. Из анализа следует, что эффект воздействия ГКЛ на атмосферу одновременно охватывает, по крайней мере, полярные и среднеширотные области Земли. При этом величина эффекта над различными областями может различаться в два-три раза (в Москве ~6 мб., в Якутске 1.5 мб., в Апатитах 3 мб.). При столь большой разнице по амплитуде вид временного хода не имеет существенных различий. Во всех трех пунктах максимум эффекта (увеличение давления) приходится на 13-14 сутки от начала главной фазы Форбуш-эффекта. Его средняя продолжительность во всех пунктах приблизительно одинакова и равна 19-15 сут.